『조선표류일기』의 서해안 송환해로

Abstract

The sea is a dangerous place. There are accidents that frequently occur due to sudden changes in the driving force, such as sudden waves hitting or typhoons blowing, that result in people going adrift. Drift(漂流) refers to when one is forced to float against one's will due to an accident while at sea. When the people who were forced to float arrive in foreign country, Adrift Arrival(漂着) happens, and the people who have drifted into another country are called castaways. This drifting problem also occurred in the three East Asian countries that share the same sea. The Korean Peninsula, due to its geographic location between China and Japan, had numerous cases of castaways. Castaway cases were mostly from Japan, in particular, due its need for the usage of ships for domestic and foreign transport compared to Korea- China, which could use land transportation. However, most studies on this are comprehensive characteristic studies of drift cases, and it is rare for a single drift case to be analyzed in detail. One such noteworthy case is “The Joseon Drifting Diary”. “The Joseon Drifting Diary” is a writing about the journey of Satsuma Samurai including feudal lord Yasuda Yoshikata(安田義方), from Maryangjin(馬梁鎭), Biin-hyeon(庇仁縣), Seocheon-gun,Chungcheong-do on July,3,1819 through Uampo(牛岩浦) to their home country. The main text is a total of seven books, consisting of Chinese text written by Yasuda himself and detailed image drawings. The contents include the circumstances leading up to the drift, handwritten conversations shared with Joseon officials, exchanged poems during that time, Korean customs(clothes, food, etc.), letting you check their process and repatriation route from Maryangjin, Biin-hyeon, Seocheon-gun, Chungcheong-do through Busan, Uampo. Among the contents, there are icons with red lines drawn, which shows Yasuda's repatriation route.There are a total of eight such documents, which depict sea routes ranging from Biin-hyeon, Seocheon-gun to Iga-do(二家島). This paper, focusing on the 8 document sea route, attempts to reconstruct Yasuda and his party's repatriation route, using it then to understand the reasons behind the events that occurred during the journey. To do this, first, the paper outlines the existing sea routes across the west coast, the stage for 'The Joseon Drifting Diary'. It will analyze historical data such as “1872 local map”, “Haedong map”, “Dongyeokdo map”, “Paldo map”, “Dongguk Yeodo”, and “Samnam Haebangdo”, as well as historical maps of the late Joseon Dynasty and “Jeungbomunheonbigo”, “Johaengilok”. Through this, it is intended to identify the west coast sea route through the Joun-ro based on the distribution of the naval forces in charge of the liberation of the west coast and the beacon. After that, the repatriation route of Yasuda and his party is reconstructed section by section using the pictures in the Diary and the “1872 Local Map” to grasp its characteristics. Analyzing the peculiarities of the reconstructed repatriation sea route, it is revealed that the repatriation sea route of Yasuda's party was operated with a special intention unlike the existing west coast sea route. Through this, it is intended to understand the characteristics of the West Coast repatriation route in the “Joseon Drifting Diary”.