한국어와 중국 차오산 방언(潮汕方言)의 발음 체계 대비 연구

Abstract

The aim of the study is to find out the similarities and differences between The Korean language and the Chaoshan dialect used in Chaoshan area of China. To this end, the phonological system of Korean and Chaoshan dialect was compared and analyzed from linguistic perspective. In addition, the purpose of the paper is to predict the Korean pronunciation errors that are prone to occur among Korean learners in Chaoshan dialect circle, and to prepare Korean pronunciation learning materials for Korean learners who use Chaoshan dialect. The Korean learners in Chaoshan dialect circle tend to pronounce Korean according to the pronunciation system of their mother tongue, which can lead to errors. That's why this paper is based on the comparative study of the system of vowels and consonants sounds between Korean and Chaoshan dialect. And also the study is prepared to find out its similarities and differences between the consonant and vowel systems of Korean and Chaoshan dialects which provide to correct the pronunciation errors and to surmount the difficulty of pronunciation by using contrastive analysis method. By comparing the consonants and vowels of Korean and Chaoshan dialects, in consonant sound system, there are 19 consonant phonemes in Korean and 17 consonant phonemes in Chaoshan dialect. And it is found that not only the articulation place of Bilabial, Alveolar, Velar and Glottal but also the articulation manner of Plosive, Affricate, Fricative, Nasal, Liquid are the same in both languages. The difference of articulation place is Palatal which exist only in Korean. In terms of vowels, there are 10 short vowels and 11 diphthongs in Korean, while there are 6 short vowels and 9 diphthongs in Chaoshan dialect. The common vowels of the two languages are /ㅣ[i], ㅔ[e], ㅡ[ɨ], ㅏ[a], ㅜ[u], ㅗ[o]/ of Korean and /i[i], ê[e], e[ɯ], a[a], u[u], o[o]/ of Chaoshan dialect. Short vowels that only exist in Korean are /ㅐ[ɛ], ㅟ[ü], ㅚ[ö], ㅓ[ə]/. Therefore, when pronouncing, errors may occur because it corresponds to other phonemes in the Chaoshan dialect. In addition, the common diphthongs of Korean and Chaoshan dialects are /ㅑ[ya], ㅛ[yo], ㅠ[yu], ㅘ[wa]/ of Korean and /ia[ya], io[yo], iu[yu], ua[wa]/ of Chaoshan dialect. Diphthongs that only exist in Korean are /ㅕ[yə], ㅖ[ye], ㅒ[yɛ], ㅝ[wə], ㅙ[wɛ], ㅞ[we], ㅢ[ɨy]/. The expected errors that may occur in consonants are that the Liquid is the most difficult to pronounce for the Korean learners in Chaoshan dialect circle, and it is relatively difficult to pronounce the strong sound of Plosive, the basic sound of Affricate, and the strong sound of Fricative but it is easy to pronounce the basic sound and aspirated sound of Plosive and Fricative，the aspirated sound of Affricate and the basic sound of Nasal because there are phonemes that correspond to each other in both languages. The expected errors that may occur in vowel are that the sound of /ㅐ[ɛ], ㅟ[ü], ㅚ[ö], ㅓ[ə]/ are the most difficult to pronounce for the Korean learners in Chaoshan dialect circle. But while the sound like /ㅣ[i]/, ㅔ[e], ㅡ[ɨ], ㅏ[a], ㅜ[u], ㅗ[o]/ are relatively easy to them. Besides, the pronunciation of /ㅢ[ɨy], ㅕ[yə], ㅒ[yɛ], ㅝ[wə], ㅙ[wɛ], ㅞ[we], ㅖ[ye]/ in Korean diphthong is very difficult but the pronunciation of /ㅑ[ya], ㅛ[yo], ㅠ[yu], ㅘ[wa]/ are easy for them. The paper is focused on the detailed comparative analysis of vowel and consonants and it is found that the expected errors which can be help to develop the Korean learners in Chaoshan dialect circle. It is believed that the results of this paper can serve as the foundation for correct pronunciation of Korean language learners in Chaoshan dialect circle and contribute to Korean language education.