부울경 지역 중소기업의 회복탄력성 영향요인에 관한 실증연구

Abstract

As the global value chain expedited by globalization has collapsed since COVID-19, it came to be difficult to predict changes in the market environment like delays in production and sales according to disruption in the supply of raw materials. Especially, since small and medium-sized enterprises do not catch up with changes in the market environment and lose competitiveness or show a structural limitation that they do the business as subcontractors of a large enterprise, it seems that they lose their subjective role to respond to changes in the technological environment. In order to respond to this crisis, it is necessary to secure resilience, and they should respond to the resilience factors at the level of the organization that operates the enterprise and the resilience factors at the network level like production and sales activities in a complex way. The small and medium-sized enterprises should have resilience to respond to the rapidly changing business environment, and a study of the factors influencing that is required. To do so, this study would analyze the factors influencing supply chain resilience as well as those influencing the organizational resilience of small and medium-sized enterprises in a complex way to analyze the factors influencing the resilience that allows their maintenance or recovery in a crisis response situation. To test the research model and hypotheses, this study conducted a survey with the representatives and employees of the small and medium-sized enterprises in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam regions from September 12 through September 23, 2022. The main results of an empirical study that tested 384 samples are as follows. First, as a result of an analysis of the impacts of the human resources competency of small and medium-sized enterprises on organizational resilience and supply chain resilience, it turned out that it had a significant impact. Since human resources competency affects organization members’ crisis response ability, it may serve as a positive factor for enterprise resilience. Second, as a result of an analysis of the impact of tangible assets on supply chain resilience, it turned out that it had a significant impact. Since tangible assets are the source of enterprise response recovery and enterprise competitiveness, they may serve as a positive factor for enterprise resilience. Third, as a result of an analysis of the impact of intangible assets on organizational resilience and supply chain resilience, it turned out that it had a significant impact. Since intangible assets play an important role in enterprise response recovery and continuous business and are the source of enterprise competitiveness, it may serve as a positive factor on enterprise resilience. Fourth, as a result of an analysis of the impact of organizational flexibility on organizational resilience and supply chain resilience, it turned out that it had a significant impact. As organizational flexibility allows flexible access and sharing of enterprise resources and information, which leads to proactive prevention and responsiveness, it may serve as a positive factor for enterprise resilience. Fifth, as a result of an analysis of the impact of network flexibility on organizational resilience, it turned out that it had a significant impact. Since supply chain flexibility affects enterprise performance and is brought up as a means to promote network capability, it may serve as a positive factor for enterprise resilience. Thus, it is found that the resilience of small and medium-sized enterprises is an important factor that allows maintenance and recovery in a crisis response situation, and they can make a contribution as a foundation for corporate sustainability management by using it as an index to preparation competency at the enterprise level.