제조업 근로자의 안전관리역량과 불안전행동의 관계에서 심리적 안전감의 조절 효과

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the moderating effect of psychological safety in the relationship between safety management competency and unsafe behavior in order to analyze the role of individual worker's safety management competency and psychological safety, which provides a growth engine within the organization, in reducing unsafe behavior. Through this, it was intended to establish a theoretical basis for the need for a systematic approach to prevent human error due to unsafe behavior of manufacturing workers. The specific research questions to achieve the purpose of this study are as follows. First, what differences are there in safety management competency, unsafe behavior, and psychological safety according to personal background? Second, what are the effects of safety management competency and psychological safety on unsafe behavior? Third, does psychological safety have a moderating effect on the relationship between safety management competency and unsafe behavior? To collect data, a self-report survey was conducted off-line with a sample of 1,250 workers at a general parts manufacturing plant producing high-tech electronic and mechanical parts located in Busan. Of the total 1,250 respondents, 1,198 were used in the final analysis, excluding 52 incorrect respondents. For data analysis, statistical programs SPSS 22.0 and PROCESS Macro 4.1 were used. The main research findings are as follows. First, it was found that men had higher safety management competency and psychological safety than women. Second, the higher the age, the higher the risk perception and evaluation among the safety management competency sub-variables, and the lower the age, the higher the unintentional unsafe behavior. Third. the higher the rank, the higher the safety management competency and psychological safety, and the lower the rank, the higher the unsafe behavior. Fourth, the higher the number of years of service, the higher the safety management competency and the psychological sense of security, and the lower the number of years of service, the higher the unsafe behavior. Fifth, safety management competency was found to have a positive effect on psychological safety, and safety management competency was found to have a negative effect on unsafe behavior. Sixth, psychological safety was found to have a negatively significant effect on unsafe behavior. Seventh, psychological safety was found to have a moderating effect on the relationship between safety management competency and unsafe behavior. Through these results, this study confirmed that unsafe behaviors decreased when the safety management competency and psychological safety of manufacturing workers increased. This suggests that in order to reduce the unsafe behaviors of manufacturing workers, the individual level of safety management competency and the organizational level of psychological safety should be increased. In addition, this study confirmed that psychological safety was a moderating factor in the relationship between safety management competency and unsafe behavior. This empirically shows that the individual level of safety management competency has a different effect on unsafe behavior depending on the level of psychological safety at the organizational level. However, it suggests that there is a need to find ways to increase workers' psychological safety at the organizational level. The main research results were discussed, and suggestions for follow-up research were presented.

[Key Words] Manufacturing Worker, Safety Management Competency, Unsafe Behavior, Psychological Safety