한국산 성대(Chelidonichthys spinosus)의 형태 및 유전 분석에 의한 집단 구조

Abstract

The Spiny red gurnard, Chelidonichthys spinosus, is commercial fish distributed along the coasts of Korea, and its production and economic value are increasing gradually. This study performed morphological and molecular analyses of 182 specimens collected from seven localities in Korea to identify the population structure and demographic history of C. spinosus. The Kruskal–Wallis test for meristic characteristics detected no significant differences between localities, except for the number of anal fins (Incheon vs. East Sea group). The PCA and CDA results using log-transformed data identified three groups (Jeju vs. East + South Sea group vs. Incheon). However, the PCA results using standardized data with the size effect removed showed that most regions overlapped, and the CDA results showed three slightly distinct groups (Jeju + Incheon vs. Tongyeong vs. Gangneung + Pohang + Wando). The NJ and ML trees, based on 805 base pairs of mitochondrial cytochrome b in Korean and Japanese individuals, showed that Korean and Japanese C. spinosus form a genetically homogeneous panmictic population. Both AMOVA and pairwise ΦST for 809 base pairs of cytb sequences gave non-significant values (P > 0.05), indicating there was no significant genetic structure within all Korean localities. In addition, Bayesian skyline plot suggests that C. spinosus had a low effective population size during the Pleistocene, and rapid population expansion occurred during interglacial periods. Our results suggest that although C. spinosus is slightly morphologically distinct between localities, it constitutes a genetically homogeneous panmictic population. Because information on mitochondrial DNA is limited, further studies based on more sensitive molecular markers, such as microsatellites, are needed.