Research on the Application and Promotion of the Green IPM Technology to Control Fruit Fly in China

Abstract

초파리는 중국의 농업생산, 특히 과일과 채소 산업의 발전을 위협하는 심각한 침습 해충으로서 해마다 막대한 손실을 초래하고 있다. 본 연구는 현재 초파리에 대한 예방 · 제어(IPM) 기술 적용에 있어 발생하고 있는 문제들을 해결하고자 하이난, 광시, 윈난, 쓰촨성 등 초파리 발생지역 4곳을 선정하여 초파리 트랩(trap) 및 지능형 모니터링 시스템을 통한 친환경 IPM 기술 적용의 효과를 검증하고, 이들 기술의 보급에 따른 경제적, 사회적, 생태적 편익을 실증하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초파리 방제 중 화학농약 사용에 있어 광범위하게 존재하는 환경오염과 잔류문제를 분석하고, 초파리 발생 특성을 고려하여 사용이 간편하고 환경친화적인 초파리 트랩을 개발하여 현장 적용 및 비교 시험한 결과, 친환경적 I예방 및 방제의 중요한 기술 수단으로서 초파리 트랩의 대규모 적용 및 보급을 위한 이론적, 실무적 토대를 마련하였다. 둘째, '친환경 IPM + 인공지능 + 빅데이터'의 개념을 바탕으로 초파리에 대한 지능형 모니터링 시스템을 설계 및 개발하였다. 이 시스템은 인공지능 모니터링, 원격 통신 기술, 초파리 페로몬 트랩, 초파리 개체수 정보 수집 소프트웨어, 빅데이터 분석 시스템 등 여러 기능을 통합한다. 실험 결과 본 시스템은 초파리 발생 장소, 시간, 발생빈도를 정확하게 파악하고, 신속하고 정확하게 초파리 발생지역 및 발생 정도와 피해 정도를 구하여 초파리 모니터링의 기술수준을 향상시켰다. 셋째, 중국 지역별 초파리에 대한 친환경 IPM 기술의 적용 및 보급에 존재하는 문제점을 분석하고, 지역적 특성이 다른 하이난, 광시, 윈난, 쓰촨성 등 4개 지역의 초파리 발생 특성에 대한 조사 및 분석을 병행하여 초파리에 대한 친환경 IPM 기술의 4가지 통합 적용 모델을 수립하였다. 이를 통해 초파리에 대한 친환경 IPM 기술 적용 여부를 지역별로 확인할 수 있는 이론적, 실무적 토대를 마련하였다. 넷째, 현장시험, 기술교육, 기술 시연 등의 방법을 통해 초파리 트랩과 초파리 지능형 모니터링 시스템 등의 친환경 IPM 기술을 적용하고 보급한 편익을 평가한 결과, 경제적 사회적 생태적으로 의미가 있음을 확인하였다. |The fruit fly is a serious invasive pest that threatens China's agricultural production, especially the development of the fruit and vegetable industry, causing significant losses every year. This study aims to address some of the issues currently encountered in the application of green IPM technologies for fruit flies, and to innovate and test the application of green IPM technologies for fruit fly traps and intelligent monitoring systems. Four fruit fly occurrence areas in Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Sichuan provinces were selected to verify the effectiveness of applying green IPM technologies for fruit flies, and to study and demonstrate the economic, social, and ecological benefits of promoting the application of these technologies. Development and Experimental Application of Fruit Fly Trap Products. Through analyzing the widespread application of chemical pesticides in the market during the IPM of fruit flies, and the existing problems of serious environmental pollution and agricultural residues, a green IPM product, the fruit fly trap, which is easy to use, environmentally friendly, and has been designed and developed based on the characteristics of fruit fly occurrence and harm. After field application and comparison testing, the application effect is good. As an important green IPM technology, the fruit fly trap has laid a theoretical and practical foundation for large-scale application and promotion.By analyzing the widely-existing problems of environmental pollution and serious agricultural residues in the application of chemical pesticides during the IPM of fruit flies, and combining the characteristics of fruit fly occurrence, a lightweight, easy-to-use, and environmentally friendly green IPM product, fruit fly trap, has been developed. After field application and comparative testing, the application effect is desirable, laying a theoretical and practical foundation for the large-scale application and promotion of fruit fly traps as an important technical means of green IPM. Research, Design, and Application of Intelligent Monitoring System for Fruit Flies. Based on the concept of "Green IPM + artificial intelligence + big data," an intelligent monitoring system for fruit flies was designed and developed. This intelligent monitoring system integrates multiple functions such as artificial intelligence monitoring, modern remote communication technology, fruit fly pheromone trap, fruit fly population information collection software, and big data analysis system. Through experimental applications, the system can accurately locate the location, time, and frequency of fruit fly occurrence, quickly and accurately obtain the area and degree of occurrence and harm of fruit fly occurrence, improve the technical level of fruit fly monitoring, verify the effectiveness of intelligent technology application in fruit fly green IPM, and provide relevant theoretical and practical support for the large-scale promotion of this fruit fly green IPM technology. Analysis of the Effect of Green IPM technology Application for Fruit Flies in Different Regions. Through analyzing the problems existing in the promotion and application of Green IPM technology for fruit flies in different regions in China, and combining the investigation and analysis of the characteristics of fruit fly occurrence in four different regions with different regional characteristics, namely, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Sichuan provinces, four integrated application models of Green IPM technology for fruit flies were established. Through demonstration applications, good experimental results were obtained, which laid a theoretical and practical foundation for verifying the application of Green IPM technology for fruit flies in different regions. Analysis of the Benefits of the Application and Promotion of Green IPM technology for Fruit Flies. Through the promotion mode of field trials, technical training, and technical demonstration, Green IPM technology such as fruit fly traps and intelligent monitoring systems for fruit flies were promoted and applied. Through this process, we have explored a multi-disciplinary mode of participation involving project-centered production, research, and government participation in the promotion and application of Green IPM technology for fruit flies in China. This has enabled rapid and efficient transformation of scientific and technological achievements into productivity. Preliminary calculations show that the application of green IPM technologies for fruit flies has saved economic losses of approximately 100 million yuan, while also effectively protecting the local ecological environment, achieving good economic, social, and ecological benefits.