InVEST Urban Cooling Model 을 이용한 부산광역시의 열 완화 평가

Abstract

Measures such as nature-based solution and cool roofs are needed to alleviate the urban heat island (UHI) problem, which has become increasingly severe due to recent climate change. The InVEST urban cooling model (UCM) estimates the heat mitigation capacity of green spaces based on land use, weather, and biophysical data. This study evaluated the applicability of InVEST UCM to Busan. Sensitivity analysis, model calibration, and reclassification of land use and land cover (LULC) map were also conducted to increase the model's accuracy. Using linear regression analysis between the heat mitigation index and surface temperature, the results showed that sensitivity analysis and model calibration could improve the accuracy. The model validation results demonstrated that the InVEST UCM could be used reliably even in coastal areas. The sensitivity analysis of the model can help select regions where heat mitigation measures should be introduced. The results showed that heat mitigation measures such as nature-based solutions should be prioritized for LULC types showing high heat mitigation index (HMI) sensitivity to Kc and low average HMI values or high HMI sensitivity and large Kc to HMI ratios. These areas include mixed, seaport, commercial & business, and industrial. InVEST UCM could be used reliably even in coastal areas. Then, we conducted a scenario analysis using the verified model to assess the heat mitigation benefits of both NBS and cool roofs. The results showed that the shape, distribution, and type of green spaces significantly influence the heat mitigation effect. Moreover, the installation of cool roofs and green roofs proved to be effective heat mitigation strategies in areas with high building density.