Valorization of Yellow Corvina (Larimichthys polyactis) By-products Using Sub and Supercritical Fluids
- Abstract
- The aim of this study is to valorize by-products (head and viscera) of yellow corvina (YC) using sub and supercritical fluids. In the first study, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction and subcritical water hydrolysis were utilized to extract the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) enriched edible oils and amino acid rich hydrolysates from YC head and viscera. The omega-3 fatty acid content in the SC-CO2 extracted head oil (SHO) and viscera oil (SVO) was 7.62% and 15.51%, respectively. SVO contained the highest amount of vitamin A, D, E, and K with 7.96 ± 0.43 mg/100 g, 336.44 ± 1.43 μg/100 g, 26.59 ± 1.26 mg/100 g, and 89.41 ± 1.52 μg/100 g respectively. The de-oiled YC head and viscera were consecutively hydrolyzed using subcritical water at different temperatures (160 °C-235 °C). Taurine was the most abundant amino acid among the hydrolysates. The maximum anticancer activity was detected in viscera hydrolysate (VH) at 235 °C (IC50 = 1795.75 μg/mL).|Yellow corvina (YC) protein hydrolysate was prepared by subcritical water treatment to encapsulate caffeine inside protein/polysaccharide matrix. Gum arabic (GA) along with YC protein hydrolysate was used in different ratios as career material for encapsulation by coacervation method. The most stable protein hydrolysate: GA mass ratio was 2:1 (HHGA-2) with lowest particle size (3409.24 ± 50.74 nm) and zeta-potential (-23.92 ± 2.53 mv). The highest encapsulation efficiency was found in HHGA-2 at 49.55 ± 0.95%. FTIR analysis confirmed the hydrophobic interaction between protein hydrolysate, and GA. XRD analysis showed that encapsulated samples are crystalline in nature. SEM images revealed the smooth surface structure of the encapsulated particles in shape of flake/broken glass. The results of this study will be useful for using subcritical water induced YC protein hydrolysate to be used as an encapsulation career. |본 연구의 목적은 아임계 및 초임계 유체를 사용하여 참조기(YC)의 부산물(머리 및 내장)을 고부가가치화하는 것이다. 첫 번째 연구에서는 초임계 이산화탄소(SC-CO2) 추출과 아임계 수 가수분해를 활용하여 YC 머리와 내장에서 고도불포화지방산(PUFA)이 풍부한 오일과 아미노산이 풍부한 가수분해물을 추출하였다. SC-CO2로 추출한 머리 오일(SHO)과 내장 오일(SVO)의 오메가-3 지방산 함량은 각각 7.62%와 15.51%였다. SVO에는 비타민 A, D, E 및 K가 각각 7.96 ± 0.43 mg/100 g, 336.44 ± 1.43 μg/100 g, 26.59 ± 1.26 mg/100 g 및 89.41 ± 1.52 μg/100 g으로 가장 많은 양이 함유되어 있었다. 오일이 제거된 YC 머리와 내장은 다양한 온도 조건(160℃-235℃)에서 아임계 수를 사용하여 연속적으로 가수분해하였다. 가수분해물 중에서 가장 풍부한 아미노산은 타우린이었다. 최대 항암 활성은 235℃ 온도의 내장 가수분해물(VH)에서 검출되었다(IC50 = 1795.75 μg/mL).
두 번째 연구에서는 160℃ 온도의 아임계 수에서 추출한 YC 머리 가수분해물을 이용하여 카페인을 캡슐화하는 데 중점을 두었다. 본 실험에 사용된 캡슐화 물질은 HHGA-1(protein hydrolysate: gum arabic= 1:1), HHGA-2 (protein hydrolysate: gum arabic= 2:1), HHGA-3(protein hydrolysate: gum arabic= 1:2)와 같이 다양한 제제의 YC 머리 가수분해물과 gum arabic을 사용하였다. 가장 높은 캡슐화 효율은 HHGA-2에서 49.55 ± 0.95%로 나타났다. FTIR 분석을 통해 카페인, 단백질 가수분해물 및 gum arabic간의 상호 작용을 확인했다. XRD 분석 결과 캡슐화된 샘플은 결정질 구조인 것으로 나타났다. SEM 분석을 통해 캡슐화된 입자의 구조와 크기를 확인하였다. TEM 분석은 벽 매트릭스 내부의 성공적인 캡슐화를 보여주었다. 본 연구의 결과는 아임계 수에 의한 YC 머리 단백질 가수분해물을 캡슐화 재료로 사용하는 데 도움이 될 것이다.
- Issued Date
- 2024
- Awarded Date
- 2024-02
- Type
- Dissertation
- Publisher
- 국립부경대학교 대학원
- Affiliation
- 국립부경대학교 대학원
- Department
- 대학원 식품공학과
- Advisor
- Byung-Soo Chun
- Table Of Contents
- CHAPTER 1 1
General Introduction 1
1.1 Yellow corvina fish, fisheries by-products and their utilization 1
1.2 Supercritical CO2 based extraction 4
1.3 Subcritical water-based extraction 6
1.4 Encapsulation of bioactive compounds 8
CHAPTER 2 9
Characterization of oil and amino acids obtained from yellow corvina by-products using subcritical and supercritical fluids 9
2.1 Introduction 10
2.2 Material and methods 13
2.2.1 Materials and chemicals 13
2.2.2 Characterization of raw materials 14
2.2.3 SC-CO2 and solvent extraction of oil 14
2.2.4 Subcritical water hydrolysis of de-oiled powder 15
2.2.5 Color properties of oil 16
2.2.6 Fatty acid composition 16
2.2.7 Fat-soluble vitamins 18
2.2.8 Presence of heavy metal contents 20
2.2.9 Color, pH, and Maillard reaction products of hydrolysates 20
2.2.10 Total sugar and total protein content 20
2.2.11 Amino acid analysis 21
2.2.12 In vitro antioxidant activity of hydrolysates 21
2.2.13 In vitro antidiabetic activity of hydrolysates 22
2.2.14 In vitro anticancer activity of hydrolysates 23
2.2.15 Statistical analysis 23
2.3 Results and discussion 24
2.3.1 Characterization of YC by-products 24
2.3.2 Oil color 27
2.3.3 Fatty acid composition of oil 30
2.3.4 Fat-soluble vitamins 32
2.3.5 Heavy metal contents in oils 34
2.3.6 Hydrolysis efficiency, pH, and color properties of de-oiled by-products 36
2.3.7 Total protein, total sugar, and MRPs of hydrolysates 41
2.3.8 Total and free amino acid content of the de-oiled by-products and hydrolysates 44
2.3.9 Antioxidant activity of hydrolysates 47
2.3.10 Antidiabetic activity of hydrolysates 49
2.3.11 Anticancer activity of hydrolysates 50
2.4 Conclusion 53
CHAPTER 3 54
Fabrication of subcritical water induced yellow corvina head protein hydrolysate and gum arabic particles to encapsulate caffeine 54
3.1 Introduction 55
3.2 Materials and methods 58
3.2.1 Materials and chemicals 58
3.2.2 Protein hydrolysate preparation 58
3.2.3 Encapsulation process 58
3.2.4 Encapsulation efficiency 59
3.2.5 Particle size, zeta potential, and morphology 59
3.2.6 FTIR 60
3.2.7 Thermal properties analysis 60
3.2.8 Statistical analysis 60
3.3 Results and discussions 61
3.3.1 Encapsulation efficiency 61
3.2.2 Color analysis 64
3.3.3 Particle size and zeta potential of the encapsulated samples 65
3.3.4 FTIR analysis 67
3.3.5 XRD analysis 69
3.3.6 SEM analysis 71
3.3.7 TEM analysis 73
3.3.8 Thermogravimetric analysis 74
3.4 Conclusion 76
References 77
Abstract in Korean 92
Acknowledgement 93
- Degree
- Master
- Files in This Item:
-
-
Download
Valorization of Yellow Corvina (Larimichthys polyactis) By-products Using Sub and Supercritical Flui.pdf
기타 데이터 / 2.1 MB / Adobe PDF
-
Items in Repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.