멸치액젓잔사를 활용한 조미소재 및 수용성 칼슘 제조기술 개발

Abstract

For the acid-hydrolyzed fish sauce produced using the optimal conditions derived from preliminary research, a quality evaluation was conducted using fish sauce, seasoned fish sauce, and acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce as control with the similar raw materials and manufacturing methods. It has been confirmed that the ingredients vary depending on whether the fish sauce by-product is reused by the company. First, the contents of amino acid nitrogen was analyzed as 443.80 ± 5.44 mg/100 g for not reused fish sauce by-product whether it was 257.96 ± 5.11 mg/100 g for reused fish sauce by-product. The amino acid nitrogen contents of the not reused fish sauce by-product was at a level that met the standards for anchovy seasoned fish sauce in the Korean Industrial Standard, and in the case of free amino acids, the free amino acids that affected taste were at the level of (82.70%-82.83%) of the total free amino acids. It could be anticipated that it might be used as a rice polishing ingredient. The Content of histamine, the most important and problematic biogenic amine, was found to be 2.16 ± 0.10 mg/kg for unreused fish sauce by-product and 149.34 ± 5.71 mg/kg for reused fish sauce by-product. Both the not reused fish sauce by-product and the acid-decomposed fish sauce made from the reused fish sauce by-product did not exceed the histamine contents and were found to meet the standard. Neither unreused nor reused fish sauce by-product was detected 3-MCPD. Therefore, it was found that it did not exceed 0.02 mg/kg, which is the standard for 3-MCPD for acid-decomposed soy sauce, and the safety of acid-decomposed fish sauce was confirmed. Lastly, in the case of minerals, the significantly checked item was Ca. The contents of Ca in not reused fish sauce by-product was 519.15±41.96 mg/kg, and the reused fish sauce by-product was 806.59±21.75 mg/kg. It was confirmed that the Ca of acid-decomposed fish sauce manufactured using fish sauce by-product was at least 2.5 to as much as 4 times higher. Therefore, it is possible to prepare rice polishing ingredients with enhanced Ca, and it is believed that this may have a special advantage of acid-decomposed fish sauce using fish sauce by-product. Thus, it is judged that the rice polishing ingredients extracted from each fish sauce by-product will have commercial value in itself if standards and specifications are established. It is believed that it can be used as an additional ingredient to overcome the limitations of price and cost. In addition, as the fish sauce by-product is decomposed with acid, the calcium contained in the by-product is dissolved and precipitated again as calcium phosphate upon neutralization. The precipitated calcium phosphate is affected by pH. Thus, the supernatant of the fish sauce by-product was used as a seasoning materials ingredient, and the precipitate was developed into a calcium phosphate material to study ways to fully utilize the fish sauce by-product. The precipitated calcium phosphate was washed with water to reduce the high salt concentration, and was incinerated in a furnace to remove organic matter and developed into calcium material. At this time, 800℃ and 1,000℃ were compared and analyzed to derive the appropriate temperature. Through mineral analysis, it was found that washing with water increased the purity of phosphorus and calcium, however decrese sodium. It was found that temperature did not significantly affect the mineral contents when washing with water. However, in X-ray diffraction analysis, it was found that as the temperature increased, crystallinity increased and the purity of the crystals increased, and it was found that incineration at 1,000℃ was appropriate. As a result of X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystal was analyzed to be Whitlockite, a form of Mg combined with calcium phosphate, and some Trimagnesium bis(phosphate(V))-Ⅲ was also found to be present. Through SEM and STEM analysis, it was analyzed that the majority of Ca and P were distributed in the elemental composition, and the particle size was analyzed to be around 10 ㎛. Therefore, it was possible to develop calcium phosphate material simply by incinerating the sediment. To increase its absorption rate, it was attempted to manufacture water-soluble calcium. Including chelating calcium with an organic acid, an attempt was made to dissolve calcium by lowering its pH using vitamin C, however only 0.22% was dissolved at the maximum. So, additional research is believed to be necessary to prepare water-soluble calcium material.