중국 대학생촌관(大學生村官)의 직업적응 과정

Abstract

The goal of this research is to investigate and theorize the career adaptation process of “cunguan” in China. As a result, this study focuses on how “cunguan” adapt to their new careers and what experience they have in this process. This study established the following research questions in order to achieve the aforementioned objectives. First, how do “cunguan” adapt to their new careers? Second, what kinds of vocational adaptation types do “cunguan” have? In this study, 30 “cunguan” from Southwest of Shandong Province in China were recruited using reputation case selection and snowball sampling, and they were interviewed individually after giving their consent to participate. The interview data are analyzed and explained using grounded theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1990、1998). The findings are summarized below: To begin, the career adaptation process of “cunguan” is conceptualized and a paradigm mode is derived using open coding and axial coding. Open coding the interview data yielded 54 concepts such as "high preference for civil servants," 11 subcategories such as "excessive expectation for careers," and 3 categories such as "beginning of career adaptation process." Then, in order to establish the relationship model between concepts and categories in the process of professional adaptation of “cunguan”, axis coding is used, and "too high expectations of work" and "lack of understanding of work" are identified as causal conditions, and "gap between expectations and reality" and "lack of social support" are identified as contextual conditions. The central phenomenon is named "contradiction and burnout" on this basis, and it is discovered that "improved working environment" and "expanded social support" are the intervening conditions for participants to use various adaptation strategies. There are many adaptive strategies in action/interaction that are influenced by the central phenomenon and the intervention conditions, resulting in "establishing professional identity", "psychological stability", "future-oriented consciousness" and other consensus. A paradigm model is developed, and cases are examined. Second, in the process of selective coding, "adapting to the career of ‘cunguan’ by using various adaptation strategies" is chosen as the core category based on the concept and paradigm mode derived from interview data. The core category hypothesis is stereotyped based on the contextual conditions and intervening conditions, and four types of occupational adaptation are obtained: "realistic contradiction", "realistic patience", "realistic complacency", and "realistic dominance". Overall, this paper proposes a conditional matrix of “cunguan” career adaptation process. Based on the research findings, this paper discusses the characteristics and adaptation types of the career adaptation process of “cunguan” in China, as well as the significance of this study in developing a preliminary theory to explain the career adaptation process of “cunguan” in China. This study suggests that future research should compare the adaptation experience of “cunguan” in different regions and cultural environments, in addition to making policy recommendations on the selection, training, assessment, treatment, and support of “cunguan”.