택배 배송 작업의 근골격계질환 위험성 평가 방안에 관한 연구

Abstract

Recently, the logistics industries have been rapidly developed, since the offline commerce has moved to the online platform commerce based on the advanced digital infrastructures. Due to the characteristics of jobs in the courier industry, employees have been exposed to various potential risk factors and poor working environments. Even if the industrial accidents frequently occur in the field of delivery industries, there is few systematic researches for analyzing the works of delivery drivers based on safety and health issues. Since delivers do not have designated workplaces and their works are irregular, it is difficult to perform a systematic research for delivery drivers and this point is a big issue. To tackle this issue, this study aims to understand the characteristics of delivery works and to suggest solutions for prevent accidents. The first step is to investigate a survey of symptoms on musculoskeletal diseases. Thoughout this step, it is identified that long-term drivings and moving heavy objects trigger back pain and lower extremity diseases. The next step is to suggest a unit work classification system based on the properties of delivery works. To find hazardous factors and standardize the work on delivers, a unit work should be previously defined. However, there is no the definition. Therefore, in this study, 22 unit works are defined and a new classification system based on five basic processes of delivery works is suggested. This system provides a framework and standards to evaluate task analysis. The last step of this study is to suggest an effective risk assessment according to 22 unit works. The existing investigation methods for hazardous factors provide standards for work intensities and frequencies. However, these methods are not effective for delivery industries, since they are designed with conventional manufacturing industries. Thus, an effective risk assessment for the delivery industry is suggested to provide standards for work intensities and work frequencies. The risk of a unit work indicates to the multiplication of its intensity and frequency. Moreover, the risk levels according to the risk is determined and they are employed to improve the environments of delivery works. During interviews for risk assessments, it is confirmed that the work on each unit work is changed according to individual workers. Thus, various scenarios for each unit work are generated to find potential musculoskeletal problems and suggest improvements based on various ergonomic evaluation methods. Also, this study proposes the most suitable ergonmic evaluation method according to a unit work. This study shows how to design a framework for effective managements and improvements on delivery works. It is worth to note that this study plays a critical role to provide basic data for preventing accidents on delivery works.