한국산 성대과(Triglidae) 자치어 9종 분자 동정 및 형태 분석

Abstract

Gunnards (Scorpaeniformes: Triglidae) comprises 132 species in nine genera in the world, 19 species in three genera in Japan, and 11 species in three genera in Korea. They inhabit up to 500 m deep on continental shelves in tropical and temperate seas. Abrupt increase in the Korean population of Chelidonichthys spinosus during 2020-2022 may be affected by biological and/or environmental variables. Therefore, we assumed that the spawning or nursery grounds of Triglidae including C. spinosus were largely formed in Korean waters. In order to prove this, we investigated a total of 85 specimens of larvae and juveniles of Triglidae collected from Korean waters (East Sea, Yellow Sea, Korean Strait and East China Sea) between 2016 and 2023 using Bongo net. A total of 11 adult tissues were used for molecular comparison, which were provided by Marine Fish Resource Bank of Korea (MFRBK), Kagoshima University (KAUM) and Kyoto University (FAKU). As a result, 3 genera and 9 species were identified as follows: C. spinosus larva (13.03 mm TL, n=1), Lepidotrigla guentheri larvae (4.99-17.69 mm TL, n=11), L. microptera larvae (7.48-12.39 mm TL, n=2), L. abyssalis larvae (3.43-12.24 mm TL, n=53), L. kishnouyi larvae (5.30-15.40 mm TL, n=3), L. alata larvae (5.42-8.97 mm TL, n=5), L. hime larvae (4.50- 13.41 mm TL, n=5), L. longifaciata larva (5.14 mm TL, n=1), Pterygotrigla hemisticta larva (9.75 mm TL, n=1). Larvae and juveniles of Triglidae are very similar in having a large mouth, a long snout and large pectoral fin, but they significantly differed in the shape and distribution of melanophores in the pectoral fin. Our findings are the first in the world and can help to understand the early life history of Triglidae.