한일 관형절 시점과 상의 실현 양상 대조 연구

Abstract

This study focused on the phenomenon of differences in the choice of aspect makers in Korean and Japanese in relative clauses where two consecutive situations form opposition of aspects. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the subject's perspective and the choice of aspect makers in the process of linguistic and temporal order(taxis), focusing on the type of text with narrative. Korean and Japanese have similar syntactic features. Based on the differences from the syntactic features of Japanese, which considers temporal order(taxis) when selecting aspect makers, this study looked first examine how temporal order(taxis) affects the selection of Korean aspect makers. When trying to express in one sentence multiple events that occurred at intervals of time during the progressive phase, the Japanese language selects the aspect makers according to the temporal order(taxis), and '-る' in the compound sentence describes that the events occurred sequentially. When doing so, it was confirmed that '-ている' is used when describing that the events in a compound sentence coexist and occurred concurrently. In contrast, the Korean adnominal suffix ‘-neon’ is a imperfective whose main function is progression, and has a temporal order(taxis) in which the events of the embedded clause and the events of the main clause proceed concurrently. And ‘-neon’ revealed simultaneity in the progress phase through the help of context such as time vocabulary such as ‘during, between, throughout’ rather than ‘-go iss-neon’. ‘-go iss-neon’ revealed the concurrently of the two events in the time order(taxis) of the main clause and the embedded clause, even without being combined with a vocabulary indicating concurrently. In this respect, it can be said to be a typical imperfective delusion that represents a progressive phase. In the perfect phase, which is combined with an intransitive verb with telic to indicate the non-progressive up to a set point, Korean and Japanese select aspect makers according to temporal order(taxis), with Korean '-eun' and Japanese '-た' describes that the events of a compound sentence occurred sequentially, while '-eo iss-neon' and '-ている' describe that the events of a compound sentence coexist and occurred concurrently. In particular, '-eo iss-neon' and '-ている' serve as the 'background' of the main clause as the result of the event of the embedded clause continues within the maximum area. Due to this, the temporal order of the two events is 'concurrently'. And '-eun' and '-た' recognize the antecedent action of the embedded clause as an 'event' with a clear temporal limit, and show that the situation of the embedded clause and the main clause occurred sequentially, and in order to use '-eun' and '-た', the opportunity for the two events to occur sequentially was revealed through contextual help such as vocabulary indicating a limited time for the event to be realized or specific forms such as subject agreement. However, in the perfect phase, Korean '-eun', unlike Japanese '-た', is used with a noun that indicates the continuation of an action or situation, such as 'between', it also showed the semantic cohesion of the temporal relationship, which is the simultaneity of the embedded clause and the main clause. Next, this study looked at the causes of the differences in the grammatical forms of linguistic expressions between Korean and Japanese, focusing on the temporal order(taxis) and the perspective arrangement related to ‘where’ and ‘where from’ the perspective of the subject of conception is looking. At this time, the 'where' in 'where are you looking' is 'vantage point' or 'observation point', and the 'where' in 'where are you looking (=what do you see)' is called 'object viewed' and looked into the causes of differences in the grammatical forms of linguistic expressions in Korean and Japanese. The reason why the selection of aspect makers in Korean and Japanese differs in the progressive phase is that in Korean, the position of ‘where = object of conception’ in ‘where are you looking?’ and in Japanese, in ‘where are you looking?’ It can be said that the position of ‘where (from) = subject of conception’ plays an important role in selecting an aspect markers. In the progressive phase, the choice of aspect makers in Japanese changed depending on whether the subject of conception viewed the situation forming a complex sentence concurrently or sequentially. In the case of Japanese, semantic cohesion was maintained by using ‘-ている’ when understanding consecutive plural events concurrently, and ‘-る’ when understanding consecutive plural events sequentially. In this way, the perspective of Japanese, which focuses on temporal order(taxis), changes the choice of aspect makers depending on the location of the subject of conception. When the subject of conception is too close to the object, temporal recognition is impossible and is perceived as having no limits. At this time, progressive is selected, and when temporal awareness is recognized as possible and limited, perfective is selected. Meanwhile, in Korean, unlike Japanese, the choice of aspect makers location differed depending on where the object of conception was viewed rather than the location of the subject of conception. In the same progressive phase, there was a difference in the choice of '-neon' and '-go iss-neon' depending on whether the object of conception was viewed as a whole or as a part. When the object is pulled(zoom in) and enlarged and viewed as a part, '-go iss neon' is, 'neon' was selected to zoom out the object and view it as a whole. In the perfect phase, the choice of aspect makers varies depending on how to highlight the subject. In Japanese, the perspective is the same as the progressive phase, and the subject of conception sequentially grasps the temporal order(taxis) of the events of the embedded clause and main clause that make up the complex sentence. The perspective of the subject of conception shifts depending on whether it is understood concurrently or sequentially. When appreciating multiple consecutive situations concurrently, '-ている' is used, and when appreciating multiple consecutive situations sequentially, '-た'. In other words, when grasping a complex sentence at different intervals of time concurrently, the subject of conception gets closer to the object, and when grasping a complex sentence at different intervals of time sequentially, the subject of conception moves away from the object and is positioned in a position to view the whole. In contrast, in Korean, the subject of conception creates a distance from the object of conception through the process of zoom in or zoom out the object of conception, the choice of aspect makers changed depending on the distance. In the perfect phase, ‘-eun’ is sometimes seen as an independent event in temporal order(taxis), but there are also times when both ‘-eun’ and ‘-eo iss neon’ serve as a background to explain the situation in the main clause. At this time, it is necessary to look at the entire text. In the perfect phase, if information about the state of the embedded clause is already given, use ‘-eun’, in other cases, it was combined with ‘-eo iss neon’ and played a role in explaining the situation of the main clause as the background of the main clause. '-eo iss neon' is used to explain the incidental situation for understanding the state of the main clause as a background, and in a situation where information about the state of the embedded clause is already given, there is a sufficient background explanation to understand the state of the main clause, tt serves to highlight the theme through combination with '-eun'. As seen above, in Korean, the choice of aspect makers varies depending on ‘where’ to look at the object of conception that is linguized into a language where the ‘object viewed’ is important, and in Japanese, the subject of conception that is linguized into a language where the ‘vantage point’ is important.