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Assessing the Role of Tourism in Sustainable Development: Evidence from Africa’s 14 Leading Countries

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Abstract
이 연구는 아프리카 국가에서 관광이 지속 가능한 개발에서 어떤 역할을 하는지 분석하는 것을 목표로 합니다. STIRATPAT 모델을 사용하여 1995년부터 2019년까지 아프리카의 지속 가능한 개발에 대한 도시화, 무역 개방성, 1 인당 GDP, 관광객 도착의 영향을 조사합니다. 이 분석은 패널 자기회귀 분산 지연(PARDL) 모델을 사용하여 단기 및 장기 계수를 모두 추정합니다. 결과에 따르면 관광, 1인당 GDP, 도시화는 아프리카의 지속 가능한 개발에 장단기 모두 긍정적이고 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났습니다. 반면에 무역 개방성은 지속 가능한 개발에 부정적이고 유의미한 영향을 미칩니다. 특히 아프리카 관광객이 1% 증가하면 지속 가능한 개발이 4.19% 증가합니다. 이러한 연구 결과는 관광이 아프리카의 지속 가능한 발전을 향한 여정에서 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 시사합니다. 이 연구는 정책 입안자들에게 정책 권고 사항을 제공하며, 이 지역의 지속 가능한 성장의 핵심 동력으로서 관광 부문을 우선시해야 한다고 강조합니다. Declaration I, Nice Noella Nikuze, certify that this work is entirely original, has not been published before, and has not been submitted for credit toward any other degree at any other institution|This study aims to analyze the role of tourism in sustainable development in African countries, focusing on the top 14 most-visited nations. Using the STIRPAT model, it examines the effects of urbanization, trade openness, GDP per capita, and tourist arrivals on sustainable development in Africa during the period from 1995 to 2019. The analysis employs the panel autoregressive distributed lag (PARDL) model to estimate both short-run and long-run coefficients. The results show that tourism, GDP per capita, and urbanization have a positive and significant impact on sustainable development in Africa in both the short and long run. On the other hand, trade openness has a negative and significant impact on sustainable development. Specifically, a 1% increase in tourist arrivals in Africa leads to a 4.19% increase in sustainable development.These findings suggest that tourism plays a crucial role in Africa’s path toward sustainable development. The study offers policy recommendations for policymakers, emphasizing the need to prioritize the tourism sector as a key driver of sustainable growth in the region.
Author(s)
NIKUZE NICE NOELLA
Issued Date
2025
Awarded Date
2025-02
Type
Dissertation
Keyword
sustainable development, number of tourists, gross domestic product
Publisher
국립부경대학교 대학원
URI
https://repository.pknu.ac.kr:8443/handle/2021.oak/33927
http://pknu.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000864956
Affiliation
국립부경대학교 대학원
Department
대학원 국제지역학과
Advisor
Utai Uprasen
Table Of Contents
Chapter One: Introduction 1
1.1. Background of Study 1
1.2. Significance of Study 5
1.3. Research Questions 6
1.4. Research Objectives 7
1.5. Research Hypothesis 8
1.6. Research Structure 8
Chapter Two: Overview of Tourism and Sustainable Development in Africa 9
2.1. Overview of Tourism in Africa 10
2.1.1. Historical Context of Tourism in Africa 12
2.1.2. Economic Impact of Tourism in Africa 12
2.1.3. Environmental Impact of Tourism in Africa 13
2.1.4. Social and Cultural Impact of Tourism in Africa 14
2.1.5. Policy and Governance in African Tourism 14
2.1.6. Challenges and Opportunities for Tourism in Africa 15
2.1.7. African Union initiatives in tourism sector 16
2.2. Overview of Sustainable Development in Africa 17
2.2.1. Introduction to Sustainable Development in Africa 17
2.2.2. Economic Impacts of Tourism on Sustainable Development in Africa 23
2.3. Environmental Impacts of Tourism on Sustainable Development 26
2.3.1. Environmental Degradation and Resource Depletion 26
2.3.2. Sustainable Tourism Initiatives 27
2.2.3. Social and Cultural Impacts of Tourism on Sustainable Development 28
Chapter Three: Literature Review 29
3.1. Definitions and Concept of Sustainable Development 29
3.2. Literature review on theory 31
3.2.1. Dependency Theory 31
3.2.2. Modernization Theory 32
3.2.3. Environmental Impact Theories 32
3.2.4. Social and Cultural Impact Theories 33
3.2.5. Policy and Governance Theories 33
3.2.6. IPAT Model 34
3.3. Literature reviews on empirical research 35
3.3.1. GDP per capita 35
3.3.2. Tourism 38
3.3.3. Trade Openness 41
3.3.4. Urbanization 45
3.4. Summary of Literature Reviews 48
Chapter Four: Research Methodology 52
4.1. Model Specification 52
4.2. Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model 58
4.3. Cross-sectional Dependence Test 61
4.4. Homogeneity of Slope 62
4.5. Unit Root Test 63
4.6. Westerlund Cointegration Test 65
4.7. Data and Sources 67
Chapter Five: Empirical Results 69
5.1. Descriptive Statistics Analysis 69
5.2. Correlation Analysis 72
5.3. Cross Sectional Dependence 74
5.4. Homogeneity of Slope Test 77
5.5. Unit Root Test 79
5.6. Cointegration Test 80
viii
5.7. Panel Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Results 81
5.7.1. PARDL Results (Long Run) 83
5.7.2. PARDL results (Short run) 86
5.8. Discussions of Results and Findings 88
Chapter Six: Conclusions and Recommendations 91
6.1. Conclusions 91
6.2. Policy Recommendations 96
References 98
Degree
Master
Appears in Collections:
대학원 > 국제지역학과
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