Blockchain-Edge-Cloud 통합을 활용한 신뢰성 있는 농수산물 공급망 모델

Abstract

The traditional agricultural society has evolved into smart agriculture by integrating with technologies such as IoT(Internet of Things), AI(Artificial Intelligence), cloud computing, and blockchain as technology advances. The change in the agricultural paradigm from a production system that relied on the experience of producers to smart agriculture, which uses core technologies of the 4th industrial revolution such as Big Data, AI, and Cloud, has greatly improved production, efficiency and sustainability through data-based predictive agriculture. This has improved the efficiency of management not only in agriculture, but also in the supply and logistics of agricultural products. However, if these technologies are compromised, it can seriously affect agricultural productivity and quality due to the leakage of sensitive information or corrupted data of related companies. Therefore, it is essential to have authentication technology that can continuously verify that the various data collection and communication devices, including IoT devices in use, have not been compromised. However, existing research on agro-fisheries supply chains with IoT sensor devices has not focused on the authentication of the sensor devices, which can lead to security issues. On the other hand, Industry 4.0 technologies are being applied not only to agro-fisheries supply chains, but also to supply chains in various fields such as healthcare, batteries, and smart vehicles, and research on authenticating IoT devices used in supply chains is also underway. Therefore, this thesis proposes a secure supply chain model that can be applied to agro-fisheries supply chain environments by appropriately improving authentication technologies studied in various fields. We designed a protocol that applies self-authentication technology by combining PUF(Physical Unclonable Function) and double-chain blockchain technology, edge computing technology, ASCON lightweight authentication cryptography, and various hash technologies to the agricultural and marine products distribution network model using IoT sensor technology. By granting differential access to data shared in the distribution network, the proposed model ensures the confidentiality of sensitive information while ensuring the traceability and integrity of the shared data. In addition, since data collected from compromised devices is unreliable, authentication techniques for data collection devices are essential, and the proposed model provides authentication of the devices themselves to provide the trustworthiness of the collected data. In addition, the proposed model ensures security by periodically generating a session key between the entities transmitting data and encrypting the data transmitted with the session key. This thesis also presents the security analysis of the proposed model against various security attacks, including replay attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, and impersonation attacks, as well as the performance analysis of the proposed model against the literature. These analyses show that the proposed model has advantages over existing schemes in terms of security strength and functional benefits.