벽 형태의 장애물이 있는 구획실 내 화재 현상에 관한 연구

Abstract

In this study, the numerical simulation was conducted on the effect of obstacle position on the fire phenomena in the compartment using the fire dynamics simulator (FDS). The accuracy of numerical simulation was confirmed by comparing the present numerical simulation results with the previous experimental studies for the fire phenomena in compartment that do not include an obstacle. Then six positions (P1 ~ P6) of an obstacle were set and tested to examine the effect of obstacle position on the fire phenomena in the compartment. P1 was the farthest and P6 was the closest, respectively, from the opening. Additionally under the conditions of P1 ~ P3, each obstacle was positioned between the compartment wall opposite the opening and the fire source, whereas under the conditions of P4 ~ P6, it was positioned between the fire source and the opening. In the visualization of temperature distribution, it was found that each fire plume was tilted to the opposite of the opening under the conditions of P1 ~ P3, while it was tilted to the opening under the conditions of P4 ~ P6. The compartment with an obstacle showed thinner thickness of smoke layer, higher temperature of smoke layer, and lower mass flow rate through the opening than that without an obstacle. As the obstacle moved away from the fire source, the thickness of smoke layer increased. Moreover under the conditions of P1 ~ P5, as the obstacle moved away from the fire source, the temperature of smoke layer decreased and the mass flow rate through the opening increased. However under the condition of P6, where the obstacle was the farthest from the fire source and the closest from the opening among the conditions, the temperature of smoke layer was high and the mass flow rate was low unlike the tendency of other conditions (P1 ~ P5). Based on this study, it was confirmed that the relative position of the obstacle, the fire source, and the opening changed the fire phenomena in the compartment.