연어 자원조성사업의 발전방안 연구

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the economic effects of the salmon stock enhancement program, which is part of the broader fishery resource development initiative. With the increasing importance of food security, competition for securing fishery resources has become more intense. There are growing concerns about overfishing and depletion of fishery resources due to the shrinking of fishing grounds, fluctuations in resource levels caused by overfishing and climate change, and reductions in coastal fishery production. In response to these challenges, various fishery policies are being implemented, including fishery resource development projects aimed at increasing and managing fishery resources. These efforts include habitate creation and management, such as coastal sea ranches and sea forests, as well as fish release projects to enhance fishery resources. As sea ranch creation and fish release projects are being implemented, it has become necessary to analyze the performance of these initiatives to assess their sustainability. Therefore, this study analyzed the economic performance and economic ripple effects of fish stock enhancement programs targeting salmon, a species with a long history of being stocked. Salmon is a migratory fish, and because of its long migration period and difficulty in accurately determining return rates, it is challenging to gather reliable data. As a result, this study processed and analyzed the available data, citing results from related research studies. To analyze the economic feasibility of the salmon stock enhancement program, the study referred to existing economic analysis research on fish stock enhancement program, used cost-benefit analysis to derive Net Present Value(NPV) and Benefit-Cost(B/C) ratios, and utilized industry-linked analysis to assess the impact of the project on the local economy. The economic evaluation was conducted by examining both direct effects, such as fishing impacts, and indirect effects, such as the salmon festival, which is a recreational fishing activity. The analysis of the economic feasibility of the salmon stock enhancement program based on cash flow revealed that the NPV for the salmon fishery was negative, and the B/C ratio was 0.26, indicating low economic feasibility for the fishery alone. However, in the case of the festival benefits, the NPV was high at 74,650 million won, with a B/C ratio of 7.50. When considering both direct and indirect effects, the final NPV of the salmon stock enhancement program was estimated at 58,153 million won, with a B/C ratio of 2.71, showing that the program is economically feasible. The analysis revealed that the economic feasibility of the salmon release project, when evaluated solely from the perspective of fisheries, was low. However, the additional benefits generated by related festivals were found to be significant. This suggests that incorporating salmon-related recreational activities into the project could enhance fishermen's income and improve the overall economic impact. The study analyzed the effects of the project on the local community in the Gangwon Province. It looked at production-induced effects, added value, and employment effects. The production-induced effect in the fishery sector was 260 million won in Gangwon and 368 million won nationwide. The added value was 194 million won(155 million won in Gangwon). The employment inducement coefficient was about 24 people per 1 billion won in Gangwon and 27 people nationwide. For the salmon stock enhancement program, the production-induced effect was 1,476 million won in Gangwon and 2,007 million won nationwide. The added value was 1,095 million won, and the employment inducement coefficient was about 11 people per 1 billion won in Gangwon and about 14 people nationwide. Regarding the effects of the salmon festival, the production-induced effect was 6,094 million won in Gangwon and 9,208 million won nationwide. The added value was 3,824 million won, with Gangwon contributing about 2,554 million won. The employment inducement coefficient per 1 billion won of investment was about 18 people in the region and 23 people nationwide. The employment effect of the Yangyang Salmon Festival was estimated at 105 people nationwide, including about 81 people in Gangwon. Among the three sectors analyzed, the festival generated the highest employment effect. As a result of the economic effect analysis, the salmon stock enhancement program was found to be economically feasible and was evaluated to have the potential to further increase added value by stimulating related industries. Therefore, it is concluded that now is the time to increase resource levels through the salmon stock enhancement program and foster related businesses. It is essential to develop and implement a mid-to long-term plan focused on creating an environment that supports the growth of salmon resources, including initiatives like salmon stock enhancement program.