조선업 외업 근로자의 안전교육 경험이 안전의식에 미치는 영향 분석

Abstract

The manufacturing industry in South Korea is experiencing a labor shortage, which has accelerated workforce aging, leading to the replacement of the insufficient workforce with foreign workers. In the shipbuilding industry, the prolonged recession has caused skilled workers to leave, resulting in foreign workers and an aging workforce taking their place. Consequently, numerous industrial accidents have occurred, highlighting the growing importance of industrial safety and health education for industrial accident prevention. Safety consciousness refers to the thoughts or behaviors regarding safety that workers may inherently possess, which can potentially cause unsafe actions. It is known to be shaped through safety education and training. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between industrial safety and health education experiences and safety consciousness among external shipyard workers through a survey, leading to the following conclusions: First, to verify the applicability of the safety consciousness measurement tool used by public institutions, a survey developed in previous studies was referenced. Although some differences were observed, these discrepancies may have resulted from using only a subset of the survey items and limiting the study subjects to workers. However, if the same survey were conducted across different hierarchical levels, including supervisors, similar factors are likely to be classified. Therefore, it can be concluded that the survey items provided by public institutions have broad applicability. Second, the individual characteristics of workers were found to influence their satisfaction with entry-level and regular safety training. Additionally, workers who received education through their preferred medium showed higher safety consciousness than those who did not. Moreover, the type of industrial safety and health education showed a weak correlation with safety consciousness. Most safety education is delivered through lectures for convenience, but using methods preferred by workers could enhance satisfaction and improve safety consciousness. The safety consciousness measurement tool used in this study was validated for external shipyard workers, indicating that it can be used to measure and manage safety consciousness among shipyard employees. Furthermore, while industrial safety and health education positively influenced workers’ safety consciousness, the relationship was found to be weak. This suggests that while training can reduce unconscious unsafe behaviors by teaching proper working methods to inexperienced workers, it has limited influence on conscious unsafe behaviors and unconscious safe behaviors. Therefore, safety education should not only focus on skill training but also emphasize the need for safe behavior through motivation and provide attitude training to help establish appropriate values.