Tailoring Quinoxaline-Based Conjugated Organic Molecules for Optoelectronic Devices
- Alternative Title
- 유기 광전자 소자용 퀴녹살린 기반 공액 유기 분자 설계 연구
- Abstract
- 본 연구에서는 유기 태양전지 소자 성능 향상을 도모하고자 체계적인 분자 설계를 통한 새로운 퀴녹살린 기반 D-A alternating 구조 고분자 도너와 비풀러렌 단분자 억셉터 구조를 설계하고 합성 연구를 수행하였다. 새로운 고분자 도너는 선택적으로 염소 그룹이 치환된 Dithienobenzodithiophene (DTBDT) 전자 주개와 불소기와 cyano 기가 도입된 퀴녹살린 기반 전자 받개 그룹을 조합하여 PB-QxF, PBCl-Qx-F, PB-QxCN, PBCl-QxCN 서로 다른 4 개의 고분자를 합성하였다. 특히 염소 그룹이 치환된 전자 주개 그룹과 cyano 기가 치환된 퀴녹살린 전자 받개 그룹을 포함한 PBCl-QxCN 은 낮은 에너지 준위, 전하 수송 능력 향상을 통하여 우수한 광전기적 특성을 보였으며 유기 태양전지 소자의 최고 효율 15.17%을 달성하였다. 또한 퀴녹살린 중심 구조와 말단 그룹에 할로겐 원소 치환 변환을 통한 분자 공학적 설계를 기반으로 Qx-6F, Qx-2F4Cl, Qx-6Cl 서로 다른 3 개의 단분자 비풀러렌 억셉터를 합성하였다. 특히 퀴녹살린 중심 구조와 말단 그룹에 염소 그룹을 치환한 Qx-6Cl 은 더 넓은 광흡수 영역, 전자 이동도 향상과 같은 광전기적 특성 향상을 통하여 유기 태양전지 소자에서 17.02%의 최고 효율을 달성하였다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과들은 향후 염소 그룹, cyano 그룹과 같은 기능성 그룹이 도입된 퀴녹살린 기반 공액형 고분자와 단분자의 구조-물성간 상관관계 연구 및 차세대 고성능 유기태양전지 소재 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.|In this study, a systematic molecular engineering strategy was employed to construct novel quinoxaline (Qx)-based donor-acceptor (D-A) type polymer donors and non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) for developing high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). For the polymer donors, a series of four D-A conjugated polymers, PB-QxF, PBCl-QxF, PB-QxCN, and PBCl-QxCN, were synthesized by combining chlorinated and non-chlorinated dithienobenzothiophene (DTBDT) donor units with Qx-based acceptor units with fluorine and cyano groups. Among them, PBCl-QxCN, incorporating both chlorinated DTBDT and cyano-substituted Qx, exhibited deeper HOMO energy levels, enhanced charge carrier mobility and suppressed recombination, leading to the enhancement of all photovoltaic properties. As a result, OSCs based on PBCl-QxCN achieved significantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.17%, with Jsc of 27.25mA cm-2, VOC of 0.81V, and FF of 69.01%. In parallel, a series of three Qx-based NFAs, Qx-6F, Qx-2F4Cl, and Qx-6Cl, were developed by varying halogen substitution on both the terminal and central units. Strategic chlorination of both the central Qx core and terminal groups, Qx-6Cl, exhibited the highest PCE of 17.02%, with Jsc of 26.39 mA cm-2, VOC of 0.87V, and FF of 74.39%, attributing broadened absorption profile, increased electron mobility, and reduced trap-assisted recombination behavior.
- Author(s)
- 이수연
- Issued Date
- 2025
- Awarded Date
- 2025-08
- Type
- Dissertation
- Keyword
- Quinoxaline, Polymer donor, Non-fullerene acceptor, Organic solar cells
- Publisher
- 국립부경대학교 대학원
- URI
- https://repository.pknu.ac.kr:8443/handle/2021.oak/34387
http://pknu.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000901393
- Alternative Author(s)
- 이수연 (Soo Yeon Lee)
- Affiliation
- 국립부경대학교 대학원
- Department
- 대학원 화학융합공학부
- Advisor
- 장재원
- Table Of Contents
- Chapter I. Introduction 1
I-1. Organic Solar Cells 1
I-2. Working Mechanism of OSCs 4
I-2.1. Photon absorption and exciton generation 4
I-2.2. Exciton diffusion 5
I-2.3. Exciton separation 6
I-2.4. Charge transport and collection 6
I-3. Device Architecture of OSCs 7
I-4. Performance parameters of OSCs 8
I-4.1. Open-circuit voltage (VOC) 9
I-4.2. Short-circuit current density (JSC) 10
I-4.3. Fill factor (FF) 10
I-4.4. External quantum efficiency (EQE) 11
I-5. Molecular Engineering Design of Quinoxaline-based P-type and N-type Semiconducting Materials for OSCs 11
I-5.1. Quinoxaline-based Conjugated Polymer Donors 13
I-5.2. Quinoxaline-based Non-fullerene Acceptors 15
I-6. The Purpose of Thesis 18
Chapter II. Experimental Section 19
II-1. Materials and Instruments 19
II-2. Synthesis of Qx-based copolymers 20
II2.1. Synthesis of dibrominated Qx-based monomers 20
II2.2. General Polymerization Procedure by Stille-coupling conditions 22
II-3. Synthesis of Qx-based NFA small molecules 26
II-3.1. Synthesis of 13,14-bis(2-butyloctyl)-6,7-bis(3-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)-4-fluorophenyl)-3,10-diundecyl-13,14-dihydrothieno[2'',3'':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-f]thieno[2'',3'':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinoxaline (11) 26
II-3.2. Synthesis of 13,14-bis(2-butyloctyl)-6,7-bis(4-chloro-3-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)phenyl)-3,10-diundecyl-13,14-dihydrothieno[2'',3'':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-f]thieno[2'',3'':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinoxaline (12) 27
II-3.3. Synthesis of 13,14-bis(2-butyloctyl)-6,7-bis(3-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)-4-fluorophenyl)-3,10-diundecyl-13,14-dihydrothieno[2'',3'':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-f]thieno[2'',3'':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinoxaline-2,11-dicarbaldehyde (Qx2F-CHO) 27
II-3.4. Synthesis of 13,14-bis(2-butyloctyl)-6,7-bis(4-chloro-3-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)phenyl)-3,10-diundecyl-13,14-dihydrothieno[2'',3'':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-f]thieno[2'',3'':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinoxaline-2,11-dicarbaldehyde (Qx2Cl-CHO) 28
II-3.5. Synthesis of Qx-6F 29
II-3.6. Synthesis of Qx-2F4Cl 30
II-3.7. Synthesis of Qx-6Cl 31
II-4. Fabrication and Analysis of OSCs 34
Chapter III. Result and discussion 36
III-1. Characterization of polymer donors 20
III-1.1. Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of Polymers 36
III-1.2. Theoretical Calculations of Polymers 42
III-1.3. Photovoltaic and Morphological Properties of Polymers 44
III-2. Characterization of NFAs 53
III-2.1. Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of NFAs 53
III-2.2. Photovoltaic and Morphological Properties of NFAs 59
Chapter IV. Conclusion 64
References 66
Acknowledgements 76
- Degree
- Master
-
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