경기만 김 산업 고도화를 위한 품종 개발 연구: 자생 김의 계통주 선발 및 분자 마커 개발

Abstract

Lavers (belonging to genera Neoporphyra, Neopyropia, Phycocalidia and Pyropia) are commercially important seaweeds in global aquaculture. Gyeonggi Bay, located on Korea's western coast, represents an important cultivation area. However, the laver industry in Gyeonggi Province faces major challenges, including heavy reliance on non-local seed stocks and the escalating impacts of climate change, necessitating the urgent development of cultivars for the advancement of the Gyeonggi Bay laver industry. To address these challenges, this study employed a comprehensive strategy encompassing the molecular identification of indigenous laver strains, the selection of useful strains, and the development of species-specific molecular markers. Extensive field surveys conducted from 2021 to 2024 across Gyeonggi Bay's coastal and insular regions yielded a wide array of indigenous laver strains. Molecular identification by DNA sequencing using a key genetic marker, the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain (rbcL) gene confirmed the presence of Neoporphyra seriata, Neopyropia tenera, Neopyropia yezoensis, Phycocalidia suborbiculata establishing the bay as a critical reservoir of laver biodiversity. In addition, a key objective of this study was the selection of useful strains adapted to local environmental conditions and secure pure-line strains through monospore culture. selected strains were evaluated based on growth performance and thallus morphology in laboratory and field trials. Promising candidates were successfully isolated as genetically uniform lines. Furthermore, species-specific molecular markers were developed for real-time PCR technique targeting three key aquaculture species: Neoporphyra dentata, Neoporphyra seriata and Neopyropia yezoensis. These markers demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity and were applicable to environmental DNA (eDNA)-based monitoring, offering potential for biomass estimation and biodiversity tracking. In conclusion, this study highlights the significant value of Gyeonggi Bay's indigenous laver resource and provides advanced molecular tools for cultivar development. Although the extensive field survey was limited and quantitative eDNA analysis was not conducted, this study establishes a crucial scientific foundation for future progress including continued genetic resources conservation, advanced breeding programs using monospore isolation and refinement of eDNA techniques for precise biomass and biodiversity assessments. These achievements are expected to make a significant contribution to the advancement of a more productive and sustainable laver aquaculture industry in Gyeonggi Bay, as well as to provide a robust scientific foundation for climate change adaptation.