상담사의 직무스트레스가 소진에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to systematically analyze the impact of job stress experienced by psychotherapists on burnout, to compare the r elative impact of work-related and counseling-related stress on burnout, and to identify the main factors contributing to burnout. To do so, a surv ey was conducted among 245 psychotherapists who work with children, a dolescents, and adults. Job stress was measured using Lee's (2012) Coun selor Job Stress Scale, which was divided into work-related stress (orga nizational relationships, inadequate treatment, workload, and work environ ment) and counseling-related stress (lack of counseling competence, diffi cult clients, and social expectations). Burnout was measured using the Ko rean version of the Counselor Burnout Inventory (K-CBI) developed by Lee et al. (2007) and validated by Yu, Lee, and Nesbit (2008) and consi sted of five subfactors: physical exhaustion, incompetence, uncooperative work environment, decreased client value, and deteriorating personal life. The results of the study showed that both work-related stress and cou nseling-related stress were significantly positively related to burnout as a whole and its subscales. In particular, work-related stress had a signifi cant impact on uncooperative work environment, deterioration of personal life, and physical exhaustion, while counseling-related stress caused burn out centered on incompetence and physical exhaustion. When comparing t he relative impact, work-related stress was found to have a greater over all impact on burnout than counseling-related stress. These results suggest that psychotherapist burnout is a result of a com bination of structural and psychological factors rather than a single stress or. Therefore, multilayered and tailored interventions that combine institut ional support at the organizational level with self-care strategies at the i ndividual level are needed to prevent burnout. Future research should de velop prevention and intervention strategies that comprehensively conside r intrapersonal and environmental moderating variables such as stress cop ing and resilience. Keywords: psychological counselor, job stress, burnout