액화수소 공정의 안전성에 관한 연구

Abstract

As the demand for hydrogen increases, the importance of securing the safety of hydrogen handling facilities has emerged. In Korea, various laws regulate hydrogen handling facilities, and the Occupational Safety and Health Act regulates the operation of the process safety management system when handling hydrogen, a flammable material. In the current Occupational Safety and Health Act, there are a number of safety regulations for liquid materials at room temperature, but there is a lack of appropriate standards for low-temperature liquefied materials. In this study, three topics that need to be urgently resolved related to hydrogen plants were reviewed. Based on the KOSHA Guide and the Occupational Safety Act, seven major items suitable for improving the safety of liquefied hydrogen handling facilities among PSM components were presented, and the direction in which the items should be improved was derived by applying a scientific analysis method. Helium is recommended to be used as a purge gas in liquefied hydrogen processes because it is 100 times more expensive than nitrogen but has a lower freezing point than hydrogen. However, when helium is used as a purge gas, operating costs are inevitably burdensome. In this study, the optimal length of the discharge pipe according to the pipe diameter was calculated while keeping the temperature of the safety valve discharge pipe constant. Considering the characteristics of the liquefied hydrogen plant, which determines operating and construction costs according to the arrangement between facilities, the impact range of diffusion and explosion damage in the event of a liquefied hydrogen leak was verified through simulation. The necessity of securing a safe distance above the legal standard and the necessity of constructing a control room with a full protection structure were suggested. In addition, by optimizing the process placement using the PSO technique, a plan to secure economic feasibility while maintaining the safety of the liquefied hydrogen process was confirmed.