中国新农村建设时期城郊村的韧性研究

Abstract

This paper employs ethnographic methods to conduct a longitudinal case study of Houbaligou Village, a "National Civilized Village" in northern China, through in-depth interviews with key village cadres and residents. By systematically tracing the village ’ s developmental trajectory and analyzing phase-specific transformations through villager’s oral narratives, the study introduces resilience theory to examine grassroots governance. Against the backdrop of mounting uncertainties in modern society, the core research question revolves around how Chinese villages, amid rural revitalization efforts, can bolster resilience to mitigate risks, achieve recovery, and ensure sustainable development. Rural revitalization constitutes a strategic priority in contemporary China. While poverty alleviation goals have been met, the focus has shifted toward preventing poverty recurrence. However, challenges such as deglobalization induced economic shocks, population outflow, resource depletion, environmental degradation, and global pandemics continue to exert pressure on rural areas. This study investigates how rural resilience can be enhanced to withstand disruptions and adapt to socioeconomic changes, centering on four dimensions: organizational, ecological, economic, and social resilience. These dimensions form an analytical framework to evaluate Houbaligou Village’s revitalization practices. Utilizing qualitative methods— including fieldwork, in-depth interviews, and literature analysis—this study collects primary data on Houbaligou Village’ s development and constructs an analytical framework based on domestic and international research. A systematic examination of the village’s revitalization process reveals four interconnected mechanisms of rural resilience. First, organizational resilience is achieved through the inclusion of new rural elites, such as returning entrepreneurs, who strengthen leadership and restructure village-level governance systems. Second, ecological resilience emerges from village reconstruction initiatives and the adoption of green production practices, which collectively enhance the local ecosystem’s capacity to buffer external disturbances. Third, economic resilience is fostered by developing collective economies and cooperative models, enabling a diversified industrial system that mitigates market risks. Finally, social resilience is cultivated through the reconstruction of cultural values and social networks, which reinforce community cohesion and mutual aid. Together, these dimensions illustrate how Houbaligou Village has built a holistic framework for sustainable development. A comparative analysis with South Korea’s Gamcheon Cultural Village highlights parallels and distinctions. South Korea ’ s institutionalized cooperatives (e.g., NongHyup) have improved rural resilience through structured policies and member participation, offering insights for China. Yet, challenges like aging populations, organizational redundancy, and external shocks persist, necessitating adaptive reforms. Despite divergent pathways, both countries share the goal of fortifying rural resilience through robust grassroots organizations, economic development, and social capital cultivation. Houbaligou Village’s success demonstrates that integrating new leaders, leveraging corporate-community partnerships, and reviving traditional culture can build a resilient rural society. This case provides a model for China’s rural revitalization and contributes to global scholarship on rural resilience. The study theoretically expands resilience research and practically summarizes grassroots strategies, advancing the implementation of rural revitalization and Sino-Korean exchanges. Keywords: rural resilience, organizational resilience, ecological resilience, economic resilience, social resilience