중국의 노인체육 정책 분석 및 정책개발 전략 고찰

Abstract

With China entering a stage of moderate aging, the pressure on the elderly care system has significantly increased, and traditional models of elderly care are facing serious challenges. In this context, physical activity has emerged as a key strategy for addressing the challenges of an aging society and has received growing attention. The demand for elderly sports services is becoming increasingly diverse and complex, encompassing not only basic physical activities, venues, and facilities, but also institutional and technical support such as sports management and research. This reflects the systematic and hierarchical nature of elderly sports needs. However, traditional sports facilities and equipment often fail to meet the special needs of the elderly in terms of safety, convenience, and scientific design. Therefore, promoting the development of age-friendly sports equipment, the renovation of sports facilities, and the implementation of intelligent management has become a crucial path to enhancing the adaptability of elderly sports services. Elderly sports policy is not only a practical need for optimizing the supply and demand structure of sports services, but also a significant strategic measure for the state to cope with an aging population and promote social progress. As a direct reflection of policy content, the quantitative analysis of policy texts can help systematically understand the development trajectory of policies, the application of policy tools, and regional differences, thereby providing a scientific basis for policy improvement. This study selects representative elderly sports policies at the national level as the research object, and systematically analyzes the current status, background, and implementation characteristics of these policies in the context of the times. To achieve the research objectives, this study employs the PRISMA analysis method for systematic literature review and policy analysis, and uses NVivo 12 for qualitative analysis of elderly sports policies. The software is used to code the policy texts, generate word cloud diagrams, and produce statistical tables of policy tools. The word cloud diagrams help to accurately grasp and infer the internal relationships between the core development directions and the supporting conditions of elderly sports policies, while the statistical analysis of the frequency of policy tool usage can quantify the application of different policy tools, thereby revealing the main measures and approaches taken to achieve policy goals. Currently, elderly sports services in China still face many challenges in terms of the diversity of demand, the aging adaptation of facilities, and the development of intelligent services. Although a preliminary policy system has been established, further improvements are still needed in terms of systemic integration, legal guarantees, human resources, social participation, and technological empowerment. In the future, the elderly sports service system should be built with the strategic goals of “Healthy China” and “Active Aging” as its guiding principles, aiming to create a more scientific, efficient, fair, and sustainable elderly sports service system. Key words: China, sports for the elderly, sports policy, capacity