국내 수산물 소비지시장의 지역별 가격결정구조에 관한 연구

Abstract

This paper analyses pricing structure at the distribution phase and regional areas of main fresh fishes with Vector Error Correction Model(VECM). In this study, we use the data of wholesale and retail market price of mackerel, hairtail, squid at Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Kwangju, and Daejeon in the period from January 1996 to September 2006. In order to estimate the relative efficiency of regional wholesale and retail market, we use many input-output variables from the data of 6,318 wholesale businesses and 21,036 retail businesses. We use several empirical methods in this paper. To find out the stability of each pricing variables, we use ADF(Augmented Dickey-Fuller) unit root test. To determine the number of long-run equilibrium relationships, we apply the Johansen cointegration test. By using the VECM, we describe the long-run and short-run dynamics of price change demonstrates. By doing the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA; CRS model, VRS model) model, we evaluate relative efficiency of regional wholesale and retail business. The main findings of the study may be summarized as follows; Firstly, regarding the pricing structure of the regional wholesale market, Seoul Central Wholesale Market is stronger relative to other regions for the connection role of collection-distribution in case of the small quantity and dispersed distribution. Therefore, as we expect that Seoul plays a leading role in the pricing structure, we can conclude that the function of Seoul Central Wholesale Market in two goods, hairtail and squid is stronger comparing to other cities. And Busan, which has the biggest output of mackerel, hairtail, and squid, plays a leading role. Secondly, the regional price information itself has stronger power influence on the pricing structure of the regional retail market than from that of Seoul and other regions which have high output ratios. And we also find that three regions(Daegu, Kwangju, and Daejeon) show a higher reaction from the price information of adjacent areas. We can conclude that this result comes from real efforts in order to reduce the distribution cost such as decreasing a distribution time from consumers through retail market, keeping marine products fresh and improving facilities. Thirdly, on the assumption that price information of the efficiently operated marine products wholesale and retail markets plays a leading role, the results from the regional efficiency analysis about the marine products wholesale and retail markets by using the DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) model are as follows; as we expect that Seoul plays a leading role in the price information of regional consumers wholesale and retail markets, she is the first in marine products wholesale markets, and the second in retail markets from the mean value for overall technical efficiency among the sixteen cities and provinces. Busan is the second in wholesale markets and the first in retail markets respectively. These two regions have higher means value comparing to the other regions. Finally, we can draw the conclusion that these two regions(Seoul and Busan), which have efficient operations relatively to others play leading roles in the price information of pricing structure for marine products.