매생이 추출물이 고콜레스테롤 식이 유도 흰쥐의 지질대사에 미치는 엉향

Abstract

As the highly industrialized society and improved economical level, the Korean's dietary life is recently getting westernized, and it has been increased the ingestion of food with high-fat, high-protein, and low-fiber. Because of the disproportionate dietary life, the ingestion calories that is remained in the body after consuming converted to fat and then the fat is accumulated at subcutaneous tissue and abdominal cavity. Thus, the accumulated fat leads obesity, which causes the serious problem of the national health such as hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, and arteriosclerosis. Seaweeds have received increasing attention because these traditional food sources can both contribute to the maintenance of good health by providing nutritional benefits and be used to treat disease. Some seaweeds contain high amounts of proteins, vitamins, and minerals, and several polysaccharides found in seaweeds have diverse biological activities, including effects on the immune system and cancer. Some marine algae, for example, contain large amounts of polysaccharides, such as alginate, fucoidan, carrageenan, and agarose. Porphyran, a polysaccharide produced by the red alga porphyra yezoensis , is produced in large amounts in South Korea and has been shown to decrease cholesterol levels and to have antibiotic and anticancer effects, while fucoidan is known for its anticoagulant and antioxidant. The importance of polysaccharide to health has therefore encouraged food scientists to continue searching for new polysaccharide sources as functional ingredients for food applications. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the improvement effect of lipid metabolism in the liver and serum, and the levels of leptin in serum of the rats supplied with CFE and cholesterol. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (4 weeks old) were assigned to four groups of diets for 4 weeks, respectively; a basal diet group, a high cholesterol group, a 2% or 4% extract, according to the levels of extracts supplementation. CFE was composed of 60% carbohydrate and nearly 100% of the carbohydrate was diet fiber. Effects of CFE in rats were as follow ; although body weight gains and food efficiency ratio have a little difference among the groups, CFE 4% group was lower than the other diet groups. There were the highest weights of the liver, kidney and spleen in the cholesterol group, the weight of cecum increased in the CFE 4% group. However, there were no significant differences in contents of the food intake among the groups. Effects of CFE in serum and liver were as follow. The triglyceride level in the serum was no difference among the groups, but the level of phospholipid and total cholesterol in the serum of CFE 4% group was significantly decreased as compared to the cholesterol group. The triglyceride and total cholesterol in liver of rats increased in the cholesterol group, and the content of the free cholesterol and cholesteryl level have shown a similar tendency to the total cholesterol level. As the levels of CFE supplementation was getting higher, the AI has decreased, and HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol level have increased. Blood sugar was significant, but couldn't find the relationship among the groups. The GOT and GPT activity was higher in the serum of cholesterol group, the fecal contents of a day and total bile acid contents and total dietary fiber contents in the CFE group were more than other groups. Although an increase in the leptin expression level was observed in the serum of the cholesterol group, it has decreased significantly in the CFE 4% group. It showed that the expression levels of ghrelin set against the expression level of leptin. These results suggest that the supplement of CFE in hypercholesterolemic diet could improve the level of cholesterol in the serum and liver, such as the decreased lipid levels in serum and liver, and an increased lipid level in feces. According to these results, we suggest that CFE could be an effective material to prevent and improve the cardiovascular diseases.