The optimum dietary organic and inorganic copper levels in marine fish
- Abstract
- Four feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the optimum dietary organic (Mintrex？？Cu, a chelated dietary copper source) and inorganic (copper sulfate, CuSO4.5H2O) copper levels on growth performance, nutrient utilization, whole-body proximate composition, immune responses, hematological parameters and tissue copper concentration in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (initial body weight 6.88 ± 0.05g), and beluga sturgeon, Huso huso (initial body weight 2.46 ± 0.09 g). In experiments I and II, broken-line regression analysis of weight gain (WG) suggested that the optimum dietary Cu levels in juvenile olive flounder,
P. olivaceus, could be 8.44 mg Cu/kg diet and 9.05 mg Cu/kg diet in the form of Mintrex？？Cu and copper sulfate, respectively. In experiments III and IV, broken-line regression analysis of WG indicated that the optimum dietary Cu levels for beluga sturgeon, Huso huso, could be 9.71 mg Cu/kg diet, when Mintrex？？Cu is used as the copper source and 10.3 mg Cu/kg diet, when copper sulfate is used as the copper source
- Issued Date
- 2012
- Awarded Date
- 2012. 2
- Type
- Dissertation
- Keyword
- Mineral (Copper) Study In Fish
- Publisher
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Graduate School, PKNU
- Affiliation
- PKNU
- Department
- 대학원 수산생물학과
- Advisor
- Sungchul C. Bai
- Table Of Contents
- Table of contents i
List of Tables vi
List of Figures ix
Abstract x
Chapter 1. General Information 1
Chapter 2. Evaluation of the optimum dietary organic and inorganic copper levels in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus 5
Experiment I. The optimum dietary organic copper level in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus 6
I. Introduction 7
II. Materials and methods 9
Diet formulation and preparation 9
Experimental fish and feeding trail 9
Sample collection and analysis 11
Enzyme assay 12
Copper analysis 12
Statistical analysis 12
III. Results 13
IV. Discussion and Summary 17
Experiment II. The optimum dietary inorganic copper level in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus 22
I. Introduction 23
II. Materials and methods 24
Diet formulation and preparation 24
Experimental fish and feeding trail 24
Sample collection and analysis 25
Enzyme assay 25
Copper analysis 25
Statistical analysis 25
III. Results 26
IV. Discussion and Summary 30
Comparison of effects of dietary copper sources and levels on growth, enzyme activity and tissue copper concentration of juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus 34
I. Introduction 35
II. Materials and methods 37
Diet formulation and preparation 37
Experimental fish and feeding trail 37
Sample collection and analysis 37
Enzyme assay 37
Copper analysis 37
Statistical analysis 37
III. Results 38
IV. Discussion and Summary 45
Chapter 3. Evaluation of the optimum dietary organic and inorganic copper levels in juvenile of juvenile beluga sturgeon, Huso huso 52
Experiment III. The optimum dietary organic copper level in juvenile beluga sturgeon 53
I. Introduction 54
II. Materials and methods 55
Diet formulation and preparation 55
Experimental fish and feeding trail 55
Sample collection and analysis 56
Enzyme assay 58
Copper analysis 58
Statistical analysis 58
III. Results 59
IV. Discussion and Summary 67
Experiment IV. The optimum dietary inorganic copper level in juvenile beluga sturgeon 73
I. Introduction 74
II. Materials and methods 76
Diet formulation and preparation 76
Experimental fish and feeding trail 76
Sample collection and analysis 76
Enzyme assay 76
Copper analysis 76
Statistical analysis 76
III. Results 77
IV. Discussion and Summary 84
Comparison of effects of dietary copper sources and levels on growth, enzyme activity and tissue copper concentration of juvenile beluga sturgeon, Huso huso 96
I. Introduction 97
II. Materials and methods 99
Diet formulation and preparation 99
Experimental fish and feeding trail 99
Sample collection and analysis 99
Enzyme assay 99
Copper analysis 99
Statistical analysis 99
III. Results 100
IV. Discussion and Summary 110
Chapter 4. General discussion and summary 117
I. Discussion 117
II. Summary 119
Tables 121
Figures 165
Acknowledgement 177
References 179
- Degree
- Doctor
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