야간경관의 감성요소에 대한 시민인식에 관한 연구

Abstract

Urban-scape as a main aspect that creates urban images of a city is becoming an important factor to measure urban residents’ living quality. Moreover, the importance of exterior lighting at night is increasing; since citizens’ directivity changes due to changes in the city and the confines of night and day gradually disappear as realms of nighttime activities expand, let alone increasing interest and change in demand on urban scape. However, it is required to establish plans concerned with night scape, taken emotional factors whose importance is emerging into consideration because cosmetic design plans and tendency of emphasizing technical aspects exclusively are creating problematic similar night scape, followed by improved nighttime environments should be expressed in improvements of psychological, artistic and cultural environments and complicated life realms, diversified life styles and social phenomena centered on emotions and designs emerge. Thus, this study aims to be used as reference when planning on exterior lighting at night or stipulating regulations on it by doing research on psychological awareness and emotional factors of Busan citizens that affect levels of satisfaction with exterior lighting at night concerning actual night scape of Busan based on four types of scape. First, this study divided basic plans of seven large-sized cities into emotional and physical factors associated with cityscape and exterior lightening before looking into them and extracted related vocabulary centered on emotional factors. Second, through the first preliminary questionnaire, vocabulary related with emotion that people are aware of was added before implementing the second questionnaire with 32 adjectives. Third, grounded on the questionnaire results, investigation and analyses about factors of emotional perception were done by dividing night scape of Busan into four categories: mountain-scape, beach-scape, river-scape and road-scape. Fourth, by comparing satisfaction levels of the whole research subjects and those of each category of scape, this study aims to propose tendency of perception on exterior lighting at night in Busan Metropolitan City as well as problems and solutions. According to the research results, it was found out that citizens’ perception on nightscape differs in each category: mountain-scape, beach-scape, river-scape and road-scape. As a result, this study reached following conclusions. First, mountain-scape is required for image improvements through directing various lightings. Second, beach-scape is considered to need for improving using more nature-friendly images and better maintenance on exterior lighting at night. Third, river-scape is required for a plan for exterior lighting at night that provides various interesting factors. Fourth, road-scape is considered to need for plans on restrained images, improved nature-friendly images and bright lighting. In addition, it was proved that levels of perception on importance of overall exterior lighting at night of each scape category in Busan are very high while the satisfaction levels were comparatively low, which implies that improvements on exterior lighting at night are definitely required. According to the analyses, emotional factors of images of each landscape category could be listed in six types: aesthetic appreciation, directivity, order, mystery, brightness, and interaction. According to a multiple regression analysis, the factor that has the most influence on the level of satisfaction was aesthetic appreciation. Thus, when planning exterior lighting at night, it is considered that we need to take aesthetic appreciation into consideration generally and apply each emotional factor in different ways in accordance with types of landscapes.