효율적인 감축정책수립을 위한 지자체 온실가스 배출특성분석 연구

Abstract

Local government is a principal body of energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and affected directly from climate change. In addition, local government is a substantial implementation agency of climate change related policy. Thus, it is very important to build up GHG inventory over long periods by standardized and unified method. In this study, GHG inventory on 16 local government between 2000 and 2008 is build up using 'GHG emissions estimation guideline(2010.9) for local government' developed and distributed by KECO. This covers all the sectors should be included in national GHG inventory, which are energy, industrial process, agriculture, AFOLU, and waste. In addition, six GHGs, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulphur hexafluoride declared in Kyoto protocol are estimated to reflect utmost precision. Indirect emissions, such as electricity, heat, water and waste generation are separately estimated as well as direct emissions to help local government to establish substantial and implementable reduction measures of GHGs. GHG inventory of most local government showed GHG emissions from fossil fuels decreased and from electricity increased sharply. Direct GHG emissions from fossil fuels between 2000 and 2008 decreased in all the local governments except Gangwon and Chungbook. Especially, GHG emissions in Daegu, Incheon, and Jeju decreased over 30%. Meanwhile, indirect emissions from electricity increased in all the municipal government in 2008 comparing 2000 and increased over 100% in Choongnam, Gyeonggi, and Jeju. It means that energy use switched from fossil fuels to indirect source such as electricity consumption indicating a key factor for establishing GHG emissions measure. As a result of key category analysis, emission characteristics between seven large cities and provinces were different. Energy consumption by car and in service industry ranked high in large cities and GHG emissions depended on industry type in provinces. To help establishing GHG reduction measures in each local government, GHG inventory was classified by six sectors, i.e., transportation, household, public, commercial, waste, and agriculture by integrating direct and indirect emission categories. As a result of GHG emissions estimation, transportation took the largest and commercial, waste, agriculture, and public sectors followed at most of local government. The proportion of agriculture at provinces except Gyonggi-do accounted more than at large cities. Thus, priority can be explored by analyzing largely proportioned category to reduce GHG emissions at local government.