소방대원들의 작업자세 및 족저압력 분석

Abstract

The Analysis of Work Postures and Foot Pressure for Firefighters

Bo Seok Shin

Department of Physical Education The Graduate School Pukyong National University Directed by professor Yong Jae Kim Ph.D.

Abstract

This study was conducted by a symptom survey for 64 male fire fighters in Busan fire fighter stations, and analyzed foot pressure for 8 male firefighters.

First, physical characteristics of the fire fighters were examined, then surveyed physical burden levels, distribution of musculoskeletal symptoms, analyzed static work postures, and lastly analyzed foot pressure of static work postures. Work postures consisted of 3 postures, such as Require rescue person handling, fire hose, hydraulic rescue equipment, in extinguishing a fire. Physical burden levels, distribution of musculoskeletal symptoms were surveyed according to the symptom survey questionnaire of Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agent(KOSHA). Static work postures were analyzed by using ergonomics tools, such as Rapid Entire Body Assesment(REBA), Rapid Upper Lim Assessment(RULA), NIOSH Lifting Equation(NLE), and foot contact area, peak pressure and maximum force were measured using a Foot pressure distribution measuring instrument. This study analyzed in terms of work postures, and compared Top, Middle, Low work postures of fire hose with hydraulic rescue equipment work postures. This study was conducted for fire fighters to reduce risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders, and prevent it according to evaluation and analysis of its symptoms survey, work postures which doing much frequently, and foot pressure.

1. Regarding physical burden levels by work types showed that Non-burden 1.6%, Bearable 62.5%, A little hard 25.8%, Very hard 9.1% and physical burden level, in terms of work units, showed A little hard 25.0% on a rescue unit, A little hard 21.9%, Very hard 6.3% on a Fire Suppression unit, A little hard 28.6%, Very hard 28.6% on First-aid staff, A little hard 7.1% on a driving unit. Thus, the results of their burden level were a little high.

2. Regarding distribution of musculoskeltal symptom showed that the rates of Normal person 65.6%, A person who needs medical manage 28.1%, A person who suffering form musculoskeltal symptom 6.4%. and in terms of work unit of muculoskeltal symptom was A person who needs medical manage 25.0% on a rescue unit, A person who needs medical manage 31.6%, A person who suffering form musculoskeltal symptom 6.3% on a Fire Suppression unit, A person who suffering form musculoskeltal symptom 14.3% on First-aid staff, A person who needs medical manage 28.6% on a driving unit. Thus, at all work units the rates of over A person who needs medical manage accounted for over 34%.

3. Regarding analyzing of work postures, all results of REBA showed that risk level was High, AL(Action Level) was Need Soon, and results of RULA were Results are required detailed survey and immediate improvement at require rescue person handling, fire hose, hydraulic rescue equipment, universal axe work postures. Especially, all analysis of RULA were examined 7 point, at the top of the score. Also the results of REBA showed high scores because it had more influence on heavy weight of their using equipments than work postures.

4. Regarding results of foot pressure of work postures showed that all results of one person handling work postures of contact area, peak pressure, and maximum force were higher than two person handling, and right foot than left foot by the analysis of rescue requiring person handling work postures. The results of contact area of one person handling, and two person handling of right foot showed statistically significant difference(p <.05). The results of fire hose showed the highest measures at the Low work postures of right foot, of contact area, peak pressure and the results of left foot showed the lowest measures in terms of Top work postures. The result of left foot of contact area, peak pressure, maximum force showed the highest in terms of Top work postures. The results of Low work postures showed the lowest, and showed statistically significant difference(p <.05). The results of hydraulic rescue equipment work postures showed the highest measures in the Low work postures of contact area, peak pressure, maximum force of right foot, and the results of Top postures showed the lowest measures in terms of left foot of contact area, maximum force, and the results of contact area and maximum force showed statistically significant difference(p <.05). In the comparative analysis between fire hose and hydraulic rescue equipment, the results of right foot of the contact area, peak pressure, and maximum force was high in terms of fire hose work postures, the results of contact area of left foot showed statistically significant difference(p <.05). In the case of Middle work postures, the results of right foot of contact area, peak pressure, and maximum force was high in terms of hydraulic rescue equipment, but the results of left foot was high in terms of fire hose work posture. However, all results were not statistically significant difference. In the case of Low work postures, the results of right foot of hydraulic rescue equipment was high in all results of contact area, peak pressure, and maximum force, but the results of left foot was high in terms of fire hose work posture. The results of right foot of contact area and left foot of maximum force showed statistically significant difference(p <.05).