혼합금속산화물 촉매 및 마이크로파를 이용한 바이오디젤 합성
- Alternative Title
- Synthesis of biodiesel using mixed metal oxide catalyst and microwave
- Abstract
- In this study, synthesis of biodiesel from oleic acid using the heterogeneous acid catalyst and microwave has been investigated. To complement the drawback of homogeneous catalyst. Heterogeneous acid catalyst were used for the synthesis of biodiesel. The sulfated titanium oxide (SO42-/TiO2) and sulfated tin oxide (SO42-/SnO2) were selected as heterogeneous acid catalysts because sulfated metal oxides are known to be highly acidic solids. The catalysts were synthesized by sol-gel method. The preparation of biodiesel using a scientific microwave apparatus is known to be one of fast and easy routes to the valuable biofuel with advantages of a short reaction time and low reaction temperature. Bismuth molybdenum oxide is used to microwave effect.
The catalysts were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) and Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD). The methyl ester contents was investigated by Gas Chromatography(GC) analysis.
The SO42-/TiO2 and SO42-/SnO2 were found to be the effective catalysts in esterification of unsaturated fatty acid to methyl esters. The optimization of reaction parameters with the most active SO42-/TiO2 catalyst indicated that at reaction temperature 65℃, 1:20 oil to methanol molar ratio, 5wt.%_oil catalysts loading, and reaction time of 3h, a maximum ester yield of 97.69% could be obtained. In the case of SO42-/SnO2 catalyst at reaction temperature 60℃ 1:20 oil to methanol molar ratio, 3wt.%_oil catalysts loading, and reaction time of 2h, a maximum ester yield of 96.44% could be obtained.
It was revealed that microwave heating is more efficient than conventional heating to prepare biodiesel. Therefore it may be possible for the microwave heating to take advantage of great rate accelerations to reduce the reaction time.
- Author(s)
- 노진웅
- Issued Date
- 2011
- Awarded Date
- 2011. 2
- Type
- Dissertation
- Keyword
- 바이오디젤 마이크로파 금속산화물
- Publisher
- 부경대학교
- URI
- https://repository.pknu.ac.kr:8443/handle/2021.oak/9908
http://pknu.dcollection.net/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000001964171
- Affiliation
- 부경대학교 대학원
- Department
- 대학원 공업화학과
- Advisor
- 이근대
- Table Of Contents
- 제 1 장. 서론 1
제 2 장. 이론적 배경 3
2-1. 신‧재생에너지와 바이오 디젤 3
2-1-1. 신‧재생에너지 3
2-1-2. 바이오 디젤 5
2-2. 바이오디젤 합성용 촉매의 종류 및 특성 8
2-2-1. 촉매의 종류 8
2-2-2. 촉매의 종류에 따른 장‧단점 12
2-3. 바이오 디젤 합성 Mechanism 15
2-3-1. 염기 촉매 Mechanism 15
2-3-2. 산 촉매 Mechanism 15
2-4. Microwave의 원리 18
제 3 장. 실험 20
3-1. 시 약 20
3-2. 촉매 제조 21
3-2-1. Sulfated Titanium Oxide 21
3-2-2. Sulfated Tin Oxide 22
3-2-3. Bismuth Molybdenum Oxide 22
3-3. 촉매 특성 분석 28
3-3-1. XRD 분석 28
3-3-2. FE-SEM 분석 28
3-3-3. FT-IR 분석 28
3-3-4. NH3-TPD 분석 28
3-4. 바이오 디젤 합성 반응 장치 30
3-4-1. Conventional heating method 30
3-4-2. Microwave heating method 33
3-5. Methyl Ester Contents 측정 35
3-5-1. Methyl Ester Contents 분석용 Sample 제조 35
3-5-2. Gas Chromatography 분석 38
제 4 장. 결과 40
4-1. Conventional heating에 의한 Sulfated Titanium Oxide의 활성 40
4-1-1. H2SO4양에 따른 SO42-/TiO2의 결정성 40
4-1-2. H2SO4양에 따른 SO42-/TiO2의 Methyl Ester 함유량 변화 42
4-1-3. SO42-/TiO2의 분광 특성 42
4-1-4. 에스테르화 거동 45
4-2. Conventional heating에 의한 Sulfated Tin Oxide의 활성 47
4-2-1. H2SO4양에 따른 SO42-/SnO2의 결정성 47
4-2-2. H2SO4양에 따른 SO42-/SnO2의 Methyl Ester 함유량 변화 49
4-2-3. SO42-/SnO2의 분광 특성 49
4-2-4. 에스테르화 거동 52
4-3. Microwave heating에 의한 Bismuth Molybdenum Oxide의 활성 54
4-3-1. 소성온도에 따른 결정성 54
4-3-2. 소성온도에 따른 Methyl Ester 함유량 변화 54
4-3-3. 소성온도에 따른 미세구조 변화 57
4-3-4. 소성온도에 따른 산점 변화 57
4-3-5. 에스테르화 거동 (Conventional VS Microwave 60
제 5 장. 결론 62
참고문헌 63
- Degree
- Master
-
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